Figure 1

Laser pyrolysis illustration and the role of carrier gas and precursor relative flow-rates (a) when the precursor flow-rate is larger than the encapsulating carrier gas (Ar) and (b) when the precursor flow-rate is smaller than the flow-rate of Ar. The precursor is driven either by C2H2or O2. The particle deposition in (a) has profile of a hump, whereas the deposition in (b) has a vacancy at the centre as indicated on the substrates