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Figure 3 | Nanoscale Research Letters

Figure 3

From: Membrane Surface Nanostructures and Adhesion Property of T Lymphocytes Exploited by AFM

Figure 3

Representative force–distance curves.a Force curve of unfixed cells.b Force curve of fixed cells, which were measured immediately after isolation.c Force curve of fixed cells (control II) that incubated in culture medium for 24 h after isolation.df Force curves of fixed T cells, which were activated for 6, 24 and 48 h, respectively. According to the slope variation of approaching portion of force curve (black double-head arrow ina), the changes of cell stiffness can be preliminary determined.g Histograms of statistical results of surface adhesion force, showing the fixed cells have a greater adhesion force than unfixed cells.h Comparison of adhesion force of control groups and testing groups, indicating the adhesion force of non-incubated cells (control I) is smaller than that of incubated cells (control II); and the cell surface adhesion force decreases with the increases of activation time

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