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Table 2 Parameters of the stable nanofluids

From: Stability and rheology of dilute TiO2-water nanofluids

Sample

Powder

Base solution

pH

ξ (mV)

Conc. TiO2 (wt.%)

Conc. TiO2 (vol.%)

A1+

A1

10-2 M HCl

2.4

69.4

1.2

0.31

A1-a

A1

10-3 M NaOH

12.4

-42.7

0.8b

0.2a

A2+

A2

10-2 M HCl

2.4

81.2

2.4

0.65

A2-a

A2

10-3 M NaOH

12.4

-44.3

1.2*

0.3*

A3+

A3

10-2 M HCl

2.4

87

1.4

0.36

A3-a

A3

10-3 M NaOH

12.3

-44.5

0.8*

0.2*

R1+a

R1

10-2 M HCl

2.4

-

0.2*

0.05*

R1-

R1

10-2 M NaOH

12.4

-65.2

0.2

0.05

R2+a

R2

10-2 M HCl

2.4

34.9

0.2a

0.05a

R2-

R2

10-2 M NaOH

12.4

-61.6

0.3

0.07

  1. Volumetric concentrations were calculated using the densities from Table 1.
  2. aUnstable samples with rough estimates of particle concentration.

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