Figure 1

Low-lying energies for (a) one, (b) two, and (c) three electrons in the type-II quantum dot, as a function of the magnetic flux Φ. The dot radius R equals to the effective Bohr radius a _B = 4πϵħ ²/m _e e ². Solid and dash lines indicate spin-singlet and triplet, respectively, in (b), whereas they indicate quartet and doublet in (c). The period of AB oscillation becomes h/Ne for N electrons.