Table 5 Experiments focusing on Natural Convection Heat Transfer
From: Anomalous heat transfer modes of nanofluids: a review based on statistical analysis
Paper Reference No | keff/kNF Conduction | keff/kNF Convection/mixed | NP material | NP size, (nm unless specified) | BF material | F,(vol% unless specified) | T test, (K) | Experimental Apparatus Index No | Mechanism Index No | µNF/µBF | Flow Status | Effects of Gravity | PBH T | CHT | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[51] | - | >1 | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | significant | - | - | theoretical investigation |
[82] | - | >1 | Al2O3 | 60 | water | 0.3-2% | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | ||
[87] | - | >1 | Al2O3 | - | water | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[87] | - | >1 | Cu | - | water | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[87] | - | >1 | TiO3 | - | water | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[110] | - | >1 | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[35] | - | >1 | Ag | - | water | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[35] | - | >1 | Al2O3 | - | water | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[35] | - | >1 | Cu | - | water | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[35] | - | >1 | CuO | - | water | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
[35] | - | >1 | TiO2 | - | water | - | - | 5 | 3 | - | - | - | - | ||
[46] | - | >1 | Cu | 10 | water | - | - | 2 | 1,3,6 | - | - | - | - |