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Table 2 Summary of studies on CHF of nanofluids in flow boiling

From: Enhancement of critical heat flux in nucleate boiling of nanofluids: a state-of-art review

Reference

Nanofluids

Concentration

Test conditions

CHF enhancement

[38, 77, 78]

Al2O3 (40-50 nm) in water

10-3-10-1 vol.%

SS316 tube (5.45 and 8.7 mm I.D.)

53%

 

ZrO2 (50-90 nm)

 

1,000-2,500 kg/m2s

53%

 

Diamond (4 nm)

 

Inlet subcooling: <20 K

38%

[39]

Al2O3 (50 nm) in water

10-3-0.5 vo.l%

SS316 tube (11 mm I.D.)

70%

   

100-300 kg/m2s

 
   

Inlet subcooling: 25 and 50 K

 

[40, 41]

Al2O3 (47 nm) in water

0.01 vol.%

Rectangular channel (10 × 5 mm2)

40%

   

1-4 m/s

 
   

Inlet subcooling: 0 K (saturated)

 
   

Single side heating: Cu disk (ϕ = 10 mm)

 

[42]

Al2O3 (25 nm) in water

10-3-10-1 vol.%

SS tube (ϕ = 510 μm)

50%

   

600-1,650 kg/m2s

 
   

Inlet temperature: 30-404C

 

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