Figure 6
From: Production of aqueous spherical gold nanoparticles using conventional ultrasonic bath
Proposed scheme for understanding the role of ultrasonic energy in the formation of gold nanoparticles. (a) Reduction of gold ions with sonication energy;, (b) growth of gold nanoparticles, (c) prevention or minimisation of wire-shaped gold cluster formation by breaking chain-like nanowires by ultrasonic waves, (d) monodispersed gold nanoparticles by ultrasonic waves with Oswald ripening or intra-particle ripening and (e) particle-particle fusion induced by excess of ultrasonic energy.