Figure 4

OM images of HEK 293T cells seeded on PPy substrate covered with aligned CNF. (a) Schematic illustration of the NFES-aligned CNF of different positioning densities. (b, c) Approximately 50 fibers/mm² (20 μm), (d, e) approximately 10 fibers/mm² (100 μm), and (f, g) cells seeded on nanofiber-free solid substrate. The smaller images at the right upper corner are shown to reveal the orientation of the cells (not on scale). The scale bars are 100 μm.