Figure 6

Raman spectra of ZnO-V ₂ O ₅ nanoparticles with and without thermal treatment. Samples 1 h.Cal and 1 h.Et.Cal exhibit a strong paramagnetic component attributed to the formation of secondary phases containing V⁺³ ions. The peaks in the intervals 200 to 360 and 780 to 1,000 cm⁻¹ are attributed to ZnV₂O₄ phase. The weak and broad peaks for sample 1 h centered at 420 and 900 cm⁻¹ are attributed to amorphous material linked to V⁺³ ions.