Table 5 Example of detection of cancer biomarker by carbon nanotubes
From: Carbon nanotubes: properties, synthesis, purification, and medical applications
Carbon nanotube | Biomarker | Form of cancer | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
P-type carbon nanotubes | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer | [98] |
Multilabel secondary antibody-nanotube bioconjugates | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer | [99] |
Microelectrode arrays modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) | Total prostate-specific antigen (T-PSA) | Prostate cancer | [99] |
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes-thionine-chitosan (MWCNTs-THI-CHIT) nanocomposite film | Chlorpyrifos residues | Many forms | [100] |
Carbon nanomaterial | Carcinoma antigen-125 (CA125) | Carcinoma | [101] |
MWCNT-platinum nanoparticle-doped chitosan (CHIT) | AFP | Many forms | [102] |
Poly-l-lysine/hydroxyapatite/carbon nanotube (PLL/HA/CNT) hybrid nanoparticles | Carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19-9) | Many forms | [103] |
MWCN-polysulfone (PSf) polymer | Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) | Many forms | [104] |
Multiwalled carbon nanotube-chitosan matrix | Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) | Many forms | [105] |
MWCNT-glassy carbon electrode (GCE) | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer | [106] |
Nanoparticle (NP) label/immunochromatographic electrochemical biosensor | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer | [107] |
SWNT-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer | [107] |
Carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNT-FET) | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Prostate cancer | [108] |
Carbon nanoparticle (CNP)/poly(ethylene imine) (PEI)-modified screen-printed graphite electrode (CNP-PEI/SPGE) | Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), | Urothelial carcinoma | [109] |
Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)cobalt(III) (Co(bpy)33+)- MWNTs-Nafion composite film | Carcinoma antigen-125 (CA125) | Carcinoma | [79] |
Gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes doped chitosan (GNP/CNT/Ch) film | Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) | Many forms | [110] |
Multiple enzyme layers assembled multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) | Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) | Many forms | [111] |