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Table 1 Summary of the previous published works and present work in salt-based nanofluids

From: Increment of specific heat capacity of solar salt with SiO2 nanoparticles

Authors

Year

Salt composition

Nanoparticles

Preparation method

Results

Ref

Shin and Banerjee

2011

Li2CO3 (62%) + K2CO3 (38%)

SiO2 (10 nm), 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: +19% to +24%

[10]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

Shin and Banerjee

2011

BaCl2 (34%) + NaCl (13%) + CaCl2 (40%) + LiCl (13%)

SiO2, 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: +14.5%

[16]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

Lu and Huang

2013

NaNO3 (60%) + KNO3 (40%)

Al2O3 (13 nm, 90 nm), 0.9% to 4.6% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: -10%, 4.6% wt.

[17]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (105°C)

Tiznobaik and Shin

2013

Li2CO3 (62%) + K2CO3 (38%)

SiO2 (5 to 60 nm), 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: +23% to +29%

[11]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

Tiznobaik and Shin

2013

Li2CO3 (62%) + K2CO3 (38%)

SiO2 (10 nm), 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: +26%

[12]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

Cp: +3% (addition NaOH)

Shin and Banarjee

2013

Li2CO3 (62%) + K2CO3 (38%)

SiO2 (2 to 20 nm), 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Segregation

[13]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (100°C)

Cp: +124% (zone A)

Cp: +0% (zone B)

Dudda and Shin

2013

NaNO3 (60%) + KNO3 (40%)

SiO2 (5 nm, 10 nm, 30 nm, 60 nm), 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: +10% (5 nm) +13% (10 nm), +21% (30 nm), +28% (60 nm)

[18]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

Chieruzzi et al.

2013

NaNO3 (60%) + KNO3 (40%)

SiO2 (7 nm), Al2O3 (13 nm), TiO2 (20 nm), SiO2 + Al2O3(2 to 200 nm), 0.5% to 1.5% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp: +22.5% (SiO2 + Al2O3 (2 to 200 nm 1.0% wt.))

[19]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (100 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

H: +15% (all np except TiO2, 1% wt.)

Jo and Banarjee

2014

Li2CO3 (62%) + K2CO3 (38%)

Graphite (50 nm) + gum arabic

Salt + water (1:100)

Segregation

[14]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (120 min). Drying in hot plate (200°C)

Cp: +100% (material 1)

Cp: +33% (material 2)

Shin and Banarjee

2014

Li2CO3 (62%) + K2CO3 (38%)

Al2O3 (10 nm), 1% wt.

Salt + water (1:100)

Cp:+32%

[15]

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic bath (120 min). Drying in hot plate (100°C)

Ho and Pan

2014

NaNO3 (7%) + KNO3 (53%) + NaNO2 (40%)

Al2O3 (<50 nm), 0.016% to 1% wt.

Salt + nanoparticle aqueous suspension (20% wt.)

Cp: +19.9% (0.063% wt.)

[20]

Nanoparticle dispersion by mechanic stirring at high temperature (180 min.)

Present work

 

NaNO3 (60%) + KNO3 (40%)

SiO2 (12 nm), 0.5% to 2.0% wt.

Salt + water (1:10)

Cp: +25% (1.0% wt.)

-

Nanoparticle dispersion in ultrasonic probe (5 min). Drying in hot plate (100°C)

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