Table 4 The percentage of oxidation states of substituent elements (Cu and Mn) in ZnO samples obtained through XPS quantitative studies
From: Band Gap Narrowing and Widening of ZnO Nanostructures and Doped Materials
Samples | Temperature (°C) | Oxidation rates (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cu+ | Cu2+ | Mn2+ | Mn3+ | Mn4+ | ||
Zn0.99Cu0.01O | 300 | 92.9 | 7.1 | – | – | – |
1200 | 13.11 | 86.89 | – | – | – | |
Zn0.99Mn0.01O | 300 | – | – | 82.0 | 15.4 | 2.6 |
1200 | – | – | 87.6 | 8.2 | 4.2 | |