Label-Free 3D Ag Nanoflower-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Pathogens

Table 1 Comparison of bacterial detection performance with other reported EIS immunosensors

Used materials	Analyte	Detection range, cfu mL⁻¹	Reference
PANI film	E. coli O157:H7	1.0 × 10²–1.0 × 10⁷	[18]
GO sheets	Sulfate-reducing bacteria	1.8 × 10²–1.8 × 10⁸	[19]
GNP-SPCE	Salmonella enteritidis	1.0 × 10³–1.0 × 10⁵	[20]
RGSs-CS film	Sulfate-reducing bacteria	1.8 × 10¹–1.8 × 10⁷	[21]
MA monolayer	E. coli O157:H7	3.0 × 10¹–3.0 × 10⁴	[22]
Nanoporous Al membrane	E. coli O157:H7	1.0 × 10⁰–1.0 × 10⁴	[23]
Au-W wires	E. coli K12	1.0 × 10³–1.0 × 10⁸	[24]
Ag nanoflowers	E. coli O157:H7	3.0 × 10²–3.0 × 10⁸	This work

PANI polyaniline, GO graphene oxide, GNP-SPCE gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrode, RGSs-CS reduced graphene sheets-chitosan, MA mercaptohexadecanoic acid