Table 2 FTIR bands of FS, FS–GNPs, SS, and SS–GNPs

Vibration type cm⁻¹

ν(H₂O), ν(NH₃ ⁺ _, NH_, NH⁺, NH₂), and (COOH)

ν(amine-HCl)

ν _asym (COO⁻), δ _asym (NH₃ ⁺) and δ _asym (NH), ν _asym (C=N)

ν _sym (COO⁻), δ _sym (NH₃ ⁺) and δ _sym (NH), ν _sym (C=N)

Compounds