Table 1 Comparison of the supercapacitor performances based on graphene/conducting polymers composite materials
From: Graphene and Polymer Composites for Supercapacitor Applications: a Review
Years | Materials | Setup (no. of electrodes) | Electrolyte | Specific capacitance | Capacitance retention | Energy/power density | ESR | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | Graphene/PANI | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 408 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 5 mVs−1 | 84% after 40 cycles | NA | NA | [92] |
2009 | Graphene/PANI | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 233 Fg−1 | NA | NA | 0.5–11.6 Ω | [93] |
2010 | GO/PANI RGO/PANI | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | GO/PANI: 827 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 1 mVs−1 RGO/PANI: 1129 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 1 mVs−1 | GO/PANI: 59% after 1000 cycles RGO/PANI: 84% after 1000 cycles | RGO/PANI: 37.9 Wh kg−1 at 141.1 Wkg−1 | NA | [44] |
2010 | GO/PANI RGO/PANI | 3 | 2 M H2SO4 | 320 Fg−1 at 0.1 Ag−1 480 Fg−1 at 0.1 Ag−1 | NA (cycling test was only 5 cycles) | NA | 2 Ω | [41] |
2010 | Graphene/PANI | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 1046 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 1 mVs−1 | NA | 145 Wh kg−1 at 522 Wkg−1 | NA | [94] |
2012 | RGO/PANI | 3 | NA | 361 Fg−1 at 0.3 Ag−1 | 82% after 1000 cycles | NA | NA | [42] |
2013 | Graphene/PANI paper | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 763 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 | 82% after 1000 cycles | NA | 4.1 Ω | [72] |
2013 | RGO/PANI | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 257 Fg−1 at 0.1 Ag−1 | 98% after 1000 cycles | NA | 0.5 Ω | [95] |
2014 | GO/PANI | 3 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | 448 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1 | 81% after 5000 cycles | NA | 3.67 Ω | [96] |
2017 | Crumpled graphene/CNT/PANI | 2 | KOH | 456 Fg−1 at 0.1 Ag−1 | 97% after 1000 cycles | 63.3 Wh kg−1 at 100 Wkg−1 | ~1.2 Ω | [97] |
2017 | RGO/PANI | 2 | 1 M H2SO4 | 438.8 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1 | 76.5% after 2000 cycles | NA. | NA | [98] |
2010 | Graphene/PPy | 2 | 1 M NaCl | 165 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 at end of 1000th cycle | NA | NA | NA | [99] |
2011 | GO/PPy | 3 | 2 M H2SO4 | 417 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 100 mVs−1 267 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 100 mVs−1 | 90% after 500 cycles | 95 Wh kg−1 at 3797 Wkg−1 | NA | [47] |
2012 | RGO/PPy | 3 | NA | 249 Fg−1 at 0.3 Ag−1 | 81% after 1000 cycles | NA | NA | [42] |
2012 | RGO/PPy | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 420 Fg−1 at 0.1 Ag−1 240 Fg−1 at 5 Ag−1 | 93% after 200 cycles | NA | ~2 Ω | [100] |
2014 | RGO/PPy nanowire | 3 | 1 M KCl | 728 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1 675 Fg−1 at 2.5 Ag−1 | 93% after 1000 cycles | NA | 0.19 Ω | [101] |
2014 | Exfoliated graphene/PPy | 3 | 3 M KCl | 351 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 | 91% after 1000 cycles | 65.1 Wh kg−1 at 13 Wkg−1 82.4 Wh kg−1 at 650 Wkg−1 | ~0.2 Ω | [102] |
2016 | Graphene/PPy nanotubes | 3 | Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/H2SO4 hydrogel | 514 Fg−1 at 0.2 Ag−1 420 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 | 95% after 1500 cycles | 21.6 Wh kg−1 at 31.7 Wkg−1 | NA | [103] |
2016 | RGO/PPy | 2 | 1 M H2SO4 | 440 mFcm−2 at 0.5 mAcm−2 | 71-80% after 5000 cycles | 31.3 μWh cm−2 at 1.2 mW cm−2 | 3.5–5.5 Ω | [104] |
2016 | Sulfonated graphene/PPy | 3 | 1 M KCl | 310 Fg−1 at 0.3 Ag−1 | 71% after 1500 cycles | 4.3 Wh kg−1 at 109 Wkg−1 | 0.6 Ω | [105] |
2011 | Graphene/PEDOT | 3 | 2 M HCl 2 M H2SO4 | HCl: 304 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 10 mVs−1 H2SO4: 261 Fg−1 from CV at a scan rate of 10 mVs−1 | NA | 12 Wh kg−1 at 38 Wkg−1 | ~0.4 Ω | [53] |
2012 | RGO/PEDOT | 3 | NA | 108 Fg−1 at 0.3 Ag−1 | 88% after 1000 cycles | NA | NA | [42] |
2013 | Graphene/PEDOT | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 270 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 | 93% after 10000 cycles | 38.5 Wh kg−1 at 250 Wkg−1 | NA | [106] |
2014 | RGO/PEDOT | 3 | 1 M H2SO4 | 213 Fg−1 at 0.5 Ag−1 | 87% after 2000 cycles | NA | <2 Ω | [62] |
2016 | Hallow RGO/PEDOT | 2 | PVA/H3PO4 gel electrolyte | 304.5 mFcm−2 at 0.08 mAcm−2 | 96% after 10000 cycles | 27.1 μWh cm−2 at 66.5 μW cm−2 | 306.8 Ω | [107] |
2017 | RGO/PEDOT:PSS | 2 | 6 M KOH | 367 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 | 80% after 30,000 cycles | 50.7 Wh kg−1 at 1014 Wkg−1 | 1.95 Ω | [108] |