Fig. 5

Optimization of experimental conditions. a Fluorescence quenching of FAM-apt (20 nM) in Tris-HCl buffer by GO as a function of time. b Fluorescence restoration of FAM-apt in GO solution by CCRF-CEM (1 × 10⁶) as a function of time. c Effect of GO concentration on the fluorescence intensity of FAM-apt in the absence (curve a) and in the presence (curve b) of 1 × 10⁶ CCRF-CEM cells. d The fluorescence intensity rate (F/F₀) of FAM-apt by 1 × 10⁶ CCRF-CEM cells as a function of GO concentration. Excitation 490 nm