A Comparative In Vivo Scrutiny of Biosynthesized Copper and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Administration Routes in Rats

Table 6 Haematology study for rat treated with Bio-CuNPs and Bio-ZnONPs through intravenous and intraperitoneal route of administration after 28th day of observation

Parameters	Group I: Bio-CuNPs			Group II: Bio-ZnONPs			Control	Ref. range
Parameters	NOAEC	IC₅₀	TLC	NOAEC	IC₅₀	TLC
WBC
i/v	12.4 ± 0.089	3.8 ± 0.039	10.6 ± 0.005	9.5 ± 0.069	9.7 ± 0.0089	9.93 ± 0.072	7.67 ± 0.043	4–10
i/p	8.2 ± 0.062	7.6 ± 0.057	9.8 ± 0.017	10 ± 0.074	9.45 ± 0.083	10.2 ± 0.037	7.23 ± 0.032	4–10
RBC
i/v	5.6 ± 0.82	3.82 ± 0.081	2.2 ± 0.07	4.8 ± 0.027	5.5 ± 0.0083	5.18 ± 0.0032	5.2 ± 0.005	3.50–5.50
i/p	4.174 ± 0.033	4.6 ± 0.086	6.6 ± 0.079	5.18 ± 0.0071	5.57 ± 0.065	6.2 ± 0.084	4.94 ± 0.027	3.50–5.50
Hb
i/v	30.7 ± 2.7	98.5 ± 4.72	120 ± 6.52	158 ± 4.57	154.6 ± 5.4	150 ± 5.83	134.5 ± 5.76	110–160
i/p	130.1 ± 4.83	134.7 ± 6.79	142.4 ± 6.4	143.7 ± 5.63	145.8 ± 3.89	154.4 ± 7.65	137.8 ± 4.93	110–160
Platelet Count
i/v	52 ± 2.83	34.9 ± 3.6	356.8 ± 5.93	280 ± 2.83	284 ± 5.45	256.9 ± 4.29	247.2 ± 7.52	100–300
i/p	273.8 ± 4.95	258.2 ± 5.72	73.9 ± 3.44	284 ± 5.57	288.9 ± 6.93	294.3 ± 6.076	278.4 ± 6.06	100–300
Clotting time
i/v	7 ± 0.94	8.3 ± 0.74	0.89 ± 0.64	4.92 ± 0.93	4.9 ± 0.6	4.7 ± 0.043	5.5 ± 0.06	2–5
i/p	4.5 ± 0.25	1.5 ± 0.73	7.2 ± 0.86	5 ± 0.64	5.17 ± 0.09	5 ± 0.085	5.6 ± 0.03	2–5

All data are expressed in mean ± SD of the mean of the three independent experiments; each was carried out in triplicate, N = 6 rats per group
i/v intravenous route, i/p intraperitoneal route, NOAEC no observable adverse effect concentration, IC₅₀ inhibitory concentration, TLC total lethal concentration, WBC white blood cells (SI unit 10⁹/L), RBC red blood cells (SI unit 10^9/L), Hb haemoglobin (SI unit g/L) and platelet count (SI unit 10⁹/L), clotting time: in minutes