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Table 1 Hydrodynamic diameters and polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta (z)-potential of the 40 and 80 nm bare and PC AuNP with cationic BPEI, anionic LA, and neutral PEG in a microsomal incubation buffer (100 mM phosphate buffer) at 0 min and 45 min at 37 °C. Data is mean ± S.D. (n = 5)

From: Impact of Gold Nanoparticles on Testosterone Metabolism in Human Liver Microsomes

AuNP size (nm)

Surface coatings

Hydrodynamic diameters (nm)

PDI

z-potential

0 min

45 min

0 min

45 min

0 min

45 min

40

BPEI

498.5 ± 25.4

807.6 ± 51.8***

0.38 ± 0.05

0.40 ± 0.04

− 8.2 ± 2.6

−18.0 ± 1.1**

LA

584.5 ± 12.7

816.4 ± 0.5**

0.36 ± 0.04

0.38 ± 0.02

−22.6 ± 1.8

−21.6 ± 0.9

PEG

685.4 ± 13.5

715.2 ± 41.9

0.32 ± 0.02

0.43 ± 0.02**

− 7.6 ± 0.5

− 9.1 ± 0.6**

PC LA

165.5 ± 0.1

168.1 ± 0.1

0.48 ± 0.07

0.50 ± 0.13

−11.5 ± 1.1

− 11.8 ± 1.7

PC PEG

73.5 ± 0.02

77.3 ± 1.3**

0.09 ± 0.02

0.18 ± 0.01***

−9.5 ± 1.5

− 11.8 ± 1.1

80

BPEI

764.4 ± 14.6

925.9 ± 58.2**

0.40 ± 0.06

0.42 ± 0.04

−6.3 ± 0.6

−12.7 ± 0.8***

LA

835.0 ± 46.5

859.1 ± 63.1

0.45 ± 0.02

0.51 ± 0.06

−29.9 ± 1.8

− 29.5 ± 1.3

PEG

113.0 ± 0.60

111.4 ± 0.6

0.09 ± 0.01

0.11 ± 0.01

−11.0 ± 1.3

−12.3 ± 1.2

PC LA

133.2 ± 0.01

128.1 ± 0.02**

0.10 ± 0.01

0.09 ± 0.02

−12.0 ± 1.1

−12.3 ± 0.8

PC PEG

126.5 ± 0.01

128.4 ± 1.6

0.08 ± 0.01

0.12 ± 0.01**

−8.7 ± 4.4

−11.2 ± 1.9

  1. BPEI branched polyethylenimine, LA lipoic acid, PEG polyethylene glycol, PC human plasma protein corona
  2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.0001

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