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Fig. 17 | Nanoscale Research Letters

Fig. 17

From: Research Progress in Rare Earth-Doped Perovskite Manganite Oxide Nanostructures

Fig. 17

Schematic illustration of 2-phase heterogeneous microstructure evolution of the thin films: from vertical aligned nanocomposite (VAN) C0/L0 to 3D CeO2 framed thin films C1–C3 and 3D La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) framed thin films L1–L3. The 3D framed microstructure is achieved by alternative growth of the single phase and the VANs in multilayered fashion. This design combines the lateral strain introduced from multilayered thin film and the vertical strain from interfacial coupling in VANs, creates 3D interconnected CeO2 or LSMO framework microstructures within the thin films, and provides a versatile tool to achieve 3D strain tuning. The unit cells and phase of LSMO are in green, and the unit cells and phase of CeO2 are in red. The single layer LSMO–CeO2 VAN thin films are named as C0 or L0, without LSMO or CeO2 as the interlayers. 3D CeO2 interlayered thin films with 1, 2, and 3 interlayers inserted in VAN structures are named as samples C1, C2, and C3, respectively. Similarly, 3D LSMO interlayered thin films with 1, 2, and 3 interlayers inserted in VAN are named as sample L1, L2, and L3, respectively. Reproduced with permission of [198]

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