Fig. 2From: F-actin Regulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on TiO2 Nanotubes Through MKL1 and YAP/TAZSurface characterization of nanotubes. a Side view of nanotubes. Scale bars: 1 μm. b Top view of nanotubes. Scale bars: 500 nm. c The inner diameter of the nanotubes at five different constant voltages (30, 40, 50, 60, 70 V). d The EDS chemical element composition of nanotube structures. e The element ratio of Ti and O. f Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of nanotube structures. g The average surface roughness (Ra) of the nanotubesBack to article page