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Fig. 2 | Nanoscale Research Letters

Fig. 2

From: Targeted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Photothermal Therapy Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer

Fig. 2

Results of combinatorial photothermal therapy (PTT) and checkpoint inhibition (anti-CTLA-4) in EMT6 tumors. Mice with well-developed orthotopic syngeneic tumors (d ≥ 5 mm) were administered an i.v. systemic dose of 1.2 mg/kg SWCNT-ANXA5. a Tumor volumes were then monitored following irradiation (arrow) with NIR laser light for 175 s at a power density of 1 W/cm2 on day 12 following inoculation. In addition to PTT, select groups received anti-CTLA-4 (100 µg) on days 8, 11, and 16. Mice in the control group were injected i.v. with physiological saline. Tumor volume shown as mean ± SE (n = 7). Significance compared to the control is indicated by * (p < 0.05). b The combination of photothermal therapy and immune checkpoint inhibition significantly increased survival compared to controls (p < 0.05, n = 7). c, d Only when mice received photothermal therapy in conjunction with anti-CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibition were significantly increased in the relative numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ splenocytes observed 2 weeks after PTT. Splenocytes shown as mean ± SE (n = 3). Significance is indicated by *** (p < 0.005)

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