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Fig. 3 | Nanoscale Research Letters

Fig. 3

From: Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping of Polyolefin Elastomer at Nanoscale with Atomic Force Microscopy

Fig. 3

Mechanical property of LDPE sample mapped at different frequencies. Panels ad were height sensor image, DMT modulus channel, energy dissipation, and indentation channel captured with PFQNM at 2 kHz on neat LDPE region. Surface roughness of the height sensor image was reported in the form of \(R_{{\text{q}}}\) as 2.58 ± 0.35 nm. Panels e and f were height sensor image and DMT modulus channel captured with FFV at 122 Hz on neat LDPE region. For images af, the scale bars represented 100 nm. Relationship between measured Young’s modulus (E) and the force mapping frequency (f) was plotted in g. The measured Young’s moduli at different frequencies were tabulated in Table 1. The data were fitted with a power function yielded \(E = 15.31 \times f^{{0.23}}\) (\(R^{2}\) = 0.96). The relationship between energy dissipation (Ediss) and different mapping frequencies (f) was shown in panel h. The energy dissipation values obtained at 2 kHz, 1 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 0.25 kHz and 0.125 kHz were 173.2 ± 21.9 eV, 213.8 ± 32.7 eV, 233.9 ± 29.3 eV, 261.1 ± 33.5 eV, 293.2 ± 35.6 eV, respectively. The data were fitted with a power function yielded \(E_{{{\text{diss}}}} = 202.83 \times f^{{ - 0.18}} ~\) (\(R^{2}\) = 0.97). A representative F-D curve showed two distinct ruptures of AFM tip from LDPE sample surface (panel i). The occurrence of multiple ruptures took place more frequently at lower frequencies, i.e. 0.1–1 Hz

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