Fig. 1From: Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticles for Improved Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications: A ReviewAuNP formulation through one-phase system by citrate reduction (A) and two-phase system reduction followed by stabilization and functionalization via ligand exchange reaction, Brust–Schiffrin method (B). Reproduced with permission [36]. Copyright 2013, De Gruyter. TOAB tetrabutylammonium bromide, SH thiolated moleculesBack to article page