Table 5 Polymeric micelle (PM) based anti-GBM drug delivery system
Drug | Composite | Modification | Detail | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Camptothecin (CPT) [146] | CPT@PEG@iRGD@IR780 | Internalizing RGD peptide possessed tumor-targeting motif CendR | Photosensitizer IR780 was loaded for combination therapy and NIR laser acted as a light-triggered switch Cytotoxicity and penetration capacity were determined in U87 cells and spheroid Anti-tumor effect was evaluated in nude mice model | Controlled drug release and augmented ROS generation after laser irradiation Enhanced cellular uptake, BBB penetration and cytotoxicity Excellent anti-GBM efficacy in tumor-bearing mice |
Paclitaxel [147] | PTX@L-VAP/RI-VAP@PEG-PLA | l-VAP (SNTRVAP) is a tumor homing peptide exhibiting high binding affinity in vitro to GRP78 protein overexpressed on tumor cells | The cellular, tumor spheroid, in vivo uptake of PM nanoparticle were detected Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay Nude mice model was established for in vivo anti-tumor study | Targeting ability for BBTB and U87MG Greatly enhanced drug delivery efficiency and cytotoxicity Augmented in vivo anti-tumor efficacy |
Paclitaxel [137] | PTX@TfR-T12@PEG-PLA | TfR-T12 peptide could mediate the drug system to cross the BBB and specifically recognize tumor cells | Flow cytometry and CLSM were utilized to assess cellular uptake (DiR) Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, migration/invasion assay were conducted in U87MG cells Subcutaneous and orthotopic nude mice tumor model was constructed | Enhanced cellular uptake, apoptosis and endocytosis across BBTB Inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion Suppressed tumor growth in vivo |
Temozolomide [148] | TMZ@siPLK@ANG2@PEC | Ang2-modified polymers could penetrate the BBB through receptor-mediated transport and accumulate in the brain in large quantities | Flow cytometry and CLSM were utilized to assess cellular uptake (FAM-siRNA) Cell cycle and apoptosis assay were performed through flow cytometry MTT assay was conducted in LN-299, T98G and U87 In vivo anti-tumor efficacy and organ safety was evaluated in nude mice | Enhanced cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and apoptosis in tumor cells G2/M arrest caused by siPLK Enhanced TMZ sensitivity in U87RT No systemic toxicity in tumor-bearing mice |
Curcumin (CUR) [149] | CUR@miR21ASO@DP | Deoxycholic acid-conjugated polyethylenimine (DP) was synthesized with deoxycholic acid (DA) and low-molecular weight polyethylenimine | MTT assay, Annexin V/PI assay, and TUNEL assay were performed to evaluate anti-tumor effect in vitro Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish xenograft intracranial glioblastoma model | Induction of PDCD4 and PTEN by intratumorally injected NPs Satisfactory anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo |