Fig. 6
a Time-dependent absorbance signals at 652 nm of TMB after incubation with SA-Pd/NPC nanozymes and H2O2 in the presence of water (CTRL), a glutathione (GSH) aqueous solution, or an ascorbic acid (AA) aqueous solution. b–c Absorbance signal of the Pd/NPC nanozyme-based antioxidant assay as a function of different antioxidant molecules. d Total antioxidant level (TAL) analysis based on SA-Pd/NPC-simulated peroxidase for systems containing different amounts of artificial saliva. (Inset: Visual depictions of simulated saliva samples with different overall antioxidant levels under the SA-Pd/NPC peroxidase-simulated catalytic system)