Figure 1
Evidence for the key role of network congestion in occurrence of mesoscopic Braess paradox. (a, b, c) Network geometries: all networks have a central (additional) branch of 160-nm width and 320-nm wide openings. In (a), W = 140 nm, L = 180 nm. In (b), W = 560 nm, L = 180 nm. In (c), W = 560 nm, L = 500 nm. (d, e, f) The current transmitted through the networks as a function of the tip position scanned along the median lines of the networks (red lines in (a, b, c)). The source-drain voltage applied to the networks is Vds = 1 mV, and the potential applied to the tip is −1 V (see text). Fermi wavelength (λF) = 47 nm, T = 4.2 K.