Figure 5From: Near-infrared quantum cutting in Ho3+, Yb3+-codoped BaGdF5 nanoparticles via first-and second-order energy transfersDecay curves of Ho3+. For (a) 5 F3 → 5I8, (b) 5 F4, 5S2 → 5I8, and (c) 5 F5 → 5I8 emissions under excitation of 450 nm. The inset shows the average decay lifetime and energy transfer efficiency as a function of Yb3+ doping concentration. (d) Energy level diagram of Ho3+ and Yb3+ showing mechanisms for NIR QC processes.Back to article page