Tunable biphasic drug release from ethyl cellulose nanofibers fabricated using a modified coaxial electrospinning process

Table 1 Parameters of the electrospinning processes and their products

Number	Process	Sheath drug content ( w/ v) (%)	Flow rate (mL h⁻¹)		Fiber morphology^c	Diameter (nm)
			Sheath^a	Core^b
F1	Single	0	1.0	-	Film	-
F2	Single	-	-	1.0	Linear	500 ± 180
F3	Coaxial	0	0.4	0.6	Mixed	-
F4		1.0	0.3	0.7	Linear	840 ± 140
F5		2.0	0.3	0.7	Linear	830 ± 140
F6		3.0		0.7	Linear	860 ± 120

^aSheath fluid consists of 35% (w/v) PVP K30 and different content of quercetin in a mixture of ethanol and DMAc with a volume ratio of 7:3. ^bCore fluid consists of 20% (w/v) EC and 1% (w/v) of quercetin in a mixture of ethanol and DMAc with a volume ratio of 9:1. ^cIn this column, ‘linear’ morphology refers to nanofibers with few beads or spindles and ‘mixed’ morphology refers to linear nanofibers with beads.