Size- and time-dependent alteration in metabolic activities of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes by gold nanoparticles via microsomal coincubations

Table 2 Summary of the alteration of λ _max , D _h , and ζ by AuNP-HLM interactions

Test sample	λ_max(nm)	Abs (a.u.)	D_h(nm)	ζ(mV)
7-nm AuNPs
in water	521	0.770	10.11	-21.3
in PBS (without HLM)	521	0.681	/	/
in 0.5 mg/ml HLM	525	0.741	85.74	-11.1
in 5 mg/ml HLM	539	0.795	155.34	-12.9
in 50 mg/ml HLM	529	0.801	49.72	-11.0
in 500 mg/ml HLM	538	0.566	/	/
70-nm AuNPs
in water	536	0.981	78.22	-36.1
in PBS	537	0.012	/	/
in 0.5 mg/ml HLM	545	0.294	180.9	-26.4
in 5 mg/ml HLM	541	0.632	106.3	-30.8
in 50 mg/ml HLM	542	0.842	123.8	-26.6
in 500 mg/ml HLM	547	0.711	/	/
HLM in PBS buffer	/	/	112.2	-10.7
BSA in PBS buffer	/	/	7.93	-8.1

The alteration of absorbance (Abs) at λmax, along with hydrodynamic diameter (D_h) and Z-potential (ζ) of AuNPs after initial mixing (at 0 min) with the same volume of HLM solution prepared in 100 mM PBS.