Figure 12

Effect of AgNPs on LDH release from L 132 and A549 cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured by changes in optical density due to NAD⁺ reduction monitored at 490 nm, as described in materials and methods. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD of three separate experiments each of which contained three replicates. Treated groups showed statistically significant differences from the control group by Student’s t-test (p < 0.05).