A Highly Sensitive Electrochemical DNA Biosensor from Acrylic-Gold Nano-composite for the Determination of Arowana Fish Gender

Table 2 A comparison between DNA biosensor and PCR method in the gender identification of arowana fish using fish tissue samples

No	Sample	DNA biosensor method					PCR method
No	Sample	Current (μA)	RSD	Baseline ± SD	t test	Gender	PCR method
1	227	1.479 ± 0.138	9.360	1.885 ± 0.10	5.042**^X	F	F
2	231	2.315 ± 0.149	6.453	1.885 ± 0.10	7.184**^Y	M	M
3	232	2.627 ± 0.185	7.053	1.885 ± 0.10	7.219**^Y	M	M
4	233	1.829 ± 0.158	8.643	1.885 ± 0.10	1.117	F	F
5	236	2.021 ± 0.169	8.372	1.885 ± 0.10	1.387	F	F
6	417	2.947 ± 0.215	7.291	1.956 ± 0.06	10.412**^Y	M	M
7	437	2.779 ± 0.089	3.217	1.956 ± 0.06	22.126**^Y	M	M
8	450	1.964 ± 0.122	6.215	1.956 ± 0.06	0.093	F	F
9	530	2.500 ± 0.232	9.264	1.956 ± 0.06	4.542**^Y	M	M
10	531	2.581 ± 0.195	7.556	1.956 ± 0.06	6.544**^Y	M	M
11	537	2.001 ± 0.189	9.441	1.993 ± 0.12	0.124	F	F
12	521	1.672 ± 0.043	2.600	1.993 ± 0.12	6.599**^X	F	F
13	524	2.774 ± 0.102	3.678	1.993 ± 0.12	10.775**^Y	M	M
14	525	1.359 ± 0.075	5.512	1.993 ± 0.12	7.377**^X	F	F
15	526	2.953 ± 0.169	5.731	1.993 ± 0.12	10.857**^Y	M	M

M male, F female
**^Y–DPV current significantly higher than the baseline current (obtained from PBS buffer alone) indicates male fish; **^X–DPV current significantly lower than the baseline current indicates female fish, critical value t₄ = 2.78 (p = 0.05, 95%)