A Comparative In Vivo Scrutiny of Biosynthesized Copper and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Administration Routes in Rats

Table 7 Biochemical assays for rat treated with Bio-CuNPs and Bio-ZnONPs through intraperitoneal and intravenous route of administration for 14th day of observation

Tests	Group I: Bio-CuNPs			Group II: Bio-ZnONPs			Control	Ref. range
Tests	NOAEC	IC₅₀	TLC	NOAEC	IC₅₀	TLC	Control	Ref. range
S. creatinine
i/v	0.9 ± 0.083	1.5 ± 0.067	2.3 ± 0.035	0.7 ± 0.043	0.6 ± 0.075	0.78 ± 0.074	0.92 ± 0.023	0.7–1.4
i/p	0.72 ± 0.076	0.75 ± 0.087	0.9 ± 0.023	0.83 ± 0.068	0.93 ± 0.074	0.9 ± 0.073	0.89 ± 0.056	0.7–1.4
ALT
i/v	35.2 ± 3.75	44.6 ± 2.74	67.7 ± 3.84	12.7 ± 4.64	32.8 ± 3.54	40.7 ± 4.32	38.5 ± 4.85	0.0–40.0
i/p	30.8 ± 2.56	35.7 ± 4.45	40.3 ± 2.75	17.8 ± 3.92	20.8 ± 4.73	45.9 ± 2.43	35.2 ± 3.15	0.0–40.0
AST
i/v	27.3 ± 2.65	30.8 ± 3.77	70 ± 2.78	24.6 ± 3.67	30.7 ± 2.43	37.9 ± 3.51	25.2 ± 3.18	5.0–34.0
i/p	20.8 ± 3.23	24.9 ± 4.78	26.7 ± 3.56	17.4 ± 1.93	20.8 ± 2.84	39.8 ± 2.57	20.7 ± 4.72	5.0–34.0
ALP
i/v	75.8 ± 4.43	84.8 ± 2.85	116.8 ± 3.38	75.8 ± 2.89	78.9 ± 3.17	82.4 ± 3.85	78.5 ± 2.38	37–103
i/p	83.9 ± 3.68	98.3 ± 3.43	113.7 ± 4.85	72.8 ± 3.64	80.8 ± 2.94	100.8 ± 4.93	86.3 ± 3.5	37–103

All data are expressed in mean ± SD of the mean of the three independent experiments; each was carried out in triplicate, N = 6 rats per group
i/v intravenous route, i/p intraperitoneal route, NOAEC no observable adverse effect concentration, IC₅₀ inhibitory concentration, TLC total lethal concentration, S. creatinine (mg/dl), ALT alanine aminotransferase (IU/L), AST aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L), ALP alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)